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пятница, 18 декабря 2015 г.
вторник, 15 декабря 2015 г.
Maserati Gran Turismo
2013 Maserati GranTurismo
Sport Coupe and Convertible
We'll take one of each.
Maserati is beginning to act
its age. Sales, build quality, and reliability have been on a steady ascent
since the maker introduced the current Quattroporte in 2003. The previous decades saw Maserati lead an existence typified
by exotic exteriors wrapped around temperamental hardware. But the new method
seems to be working, and not just for four-doors. In 2011 alone, Maserati
managed to peddle nearly 2700 GranTurismos, almost a third of them right here
in the land of eagles and apple pie. To help keep the GT’s momentum, Maserati
brought the coupe and convertible in for a quick makeover before the Levante
SUV and sub-QuattroporteGhibli sedan arrive next year and steal all the headlines.
Changes
Changes to the 2013
GranTurismo Sport editions run from cosmetic touches to horsepower-increasing
engine mods. First, let’s cover the aesthetics. The front fascia has been
slightly tweaked for a more aggressive appearance, and a splitter resides below
the familiar Maserati grille. Although the basic shape of the headlamps remains
unchanged, they now include bixenon illumination, LED DRLs, and adaptive
lighting control, the latter tracking the movement of the steering wheel up to
15 degrees. Side skirts come standard on the Sport, as do enlarged fender
vents—referring to them as portholes makes Maserati reps bristle—to aid in the
extraction of hot air from the engine bay. New mirrors, 20-inch wheels
(available in four styles), and more darkly tinted taillight lenses round out
the exterior revisions.
The big news inside includes
entirely new leather seats with integrated headrests front and rear, a pricey
proposition—crash-test certifications don’t come cheap—for a car well into its
life cycle. The new seat’s bolsters deliver comfort and support in equal
measure, cradling but not constricting skeletal frames with the welcome
familiarity of a favorite pair of jeans. Rear-seat passengers get a nominal
three-quarters of an inch or so extra kneeroom in the switch. The front seats
are heated but not ventilated, and it took us a few minutes of groping to find
the temperature control tucked away on the seat bottoms; it’s not visible once
you are seated. There’s no missing the shiny, high-grip aluminum brake and
accelerator pedals, though.
Like many vehicles that debuted as coupes, the GranTurismo convertible’s design can be somewhat polarizing, opinions formed largely on your vantage point. From the outside, the convertible sits naked and vulnerable with its top down, the loss of the coupe’s elegant rear pillar and backlight lessening the drama of the vehicle’s curves, particularly the rear fenders. From the inside, however, any critiques are tempered with abundant sunshine, gentle breezes, and the sweet sound of the Italian V-8’s exhaust piped to your ears. Wind buffeting is minimal, and casual conversation at highway speeds doesn’t require the use of a bullhorn (although we’d be lying if we said it wouldn’t be fun to have one along for acts of general top-down idiocy). The GranTurismo was never a class leader in torsional rigidity, and cutting the lid off its steel monocoque doesn’t improve matters. However, empirical judgments regarding the convertible’s additional chassis twist or cowl shake were difficult to make because of the buttery smooth tarmac on our drive.Standard technology features sprinkled throughout the leather-lined cockpit include a Bose sound system with satellite radio, iPod connectivity, and a parking warning system specifically tuned for the types of curbs found here in the States. Surprisingly, no backup camera is available yet; Maserati says its arrival is held up by an integration problem with the in-dash head unit. Options on the coupe and convertible Masers we sampled in Sonoma, California, included a faux-suede headliner ($1700), red contrasting seat stitching ($450), trident-logo headrest stitching ($625), piano black interior trim ($2500), blue anodized brake calipers ($860), and gray paint for the 20-inch aluminum wheels ($800).
Aston Martin Rapid
The Aston Martin Rapide is a 4-door, high-performance sports saloon, which British luxury marque Aston Martin introduced in early 2010. It was first presented as a concept car at Detroit's North
American International Auto Show in 2006 and the
production version of the Rapide was shown at the 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show.[1]
The Rapide name is a reference to the Lagonda Rapide, a saloon car produced by Lagonda, now part of Aston Martin. The new Rapide is the company's first 4-door saloon since the Aston Martin Lagonda was discontinued
in 1989.[2] It is based on the Aston Martin DB9 and shares the same VH platform.[3]
The first cars were rolled out in May 2010,[4] initially built at a dedicated plant at the Magna Steyr facility in Graz, Austria. The factory initially planned to build 2,000 per year,[5] but relocated to England in 2012 after sales did not
meet production targets.[6]
Rapide (2010–2013)
Specifications
The Rapide is powered by a 5,935 cc (362 cu in) V12 engine, producing 470 bhp (350 kW; 477 PS) and torque of
443 lbf·ft (601 N·m). It is rear-wheel drive and has a
six-speed Touchtronic automatic.
The Rapide can reach a top speed of 188.5 mph (303 km/h),[5] and accelerate 0-100 km/h (62 mph) in 5.3
seconds, or 0-60 mph (97 km/h) in 5.0 seconds.
Equipment
The Rapide's standard features include a tilt-telescoping steering wheel,
bi-xenon headlamps and LED taillamps. Leather and walnut trim are standard,
with metallic accents; power front seats with memory, cooling and heating;
Bluetooth; satellite radio (US version only); and USB and iPod connectivity.[7] The Rapide comes, as standard, with a Bang & Olufsen 16 speaker sound system with two tweeters that rise
from the dashboard on activation of the system.
Rapide S (2013–)
Specification
As part of the 2014 facelift and revisions to the Rapide, the V12 engine is
upgraded to now produce 550 bhp (410 kW; 558 PS).[8] Performance improvements include a top speed of
190 mph (306 km/h) and acceleration 0-100 km/h (62 mph)
reduced to 4.9 seconds. CO2 emissions are
cut by 23g/km to 332g/km.
The Rapide S received further revisions in 2015, with a new 8-speed
automatic transmission, a small power increase to 552 bhp (412 kW;
560 PS), and acceleration 0-100 km/h (62 mph) now 4.4 seconds.
And a new top speed of 203 mph (327 km/h). [9]
Production
Aston Martin opted to end production by sub-contractor Magna Steyr in the middle of
2012, six years earlier than expected. Production of the car was also halted
temporarily in May 2011. In the face of a diminishing market for luxury
saloons, and to match output to shrinking sales, Aston Martin has to cut annual
production from 2,000 to 1,250 in June 2011 - and may go as low as 500
annually.[10]
Motorsports
A Rapide S was entered in the 2010 24 Hours Nürburgring. Drivers included Aston Martin CEO Ulrich Bez. It finished second in the SP 8 class.[11] This Rapide S was powered a new technology introduced
by Alset GmbH, Hybrid
Hydrogen system that enables to use hydrogen and petrol individually or at the
same time in an internal combustion engine. Aston Rapide S was the first car to race the 24 Hours Nürburgring with
hydrogen fuel.[12]
Porsche Panamera turbo S
The Porsche Panamera (type number 970) is a luxury four-door sedan. It is front-engined with two-wheel drive, with all-wheel drive versions also available.
The Porsche Panamera production model was unveiled at the 13th Auto Shanghai International
Automobile Show in Shanghai, China, on April 2009.[7] In 2011, hybrid and diesel versions were launched. In
April 2013, a facelift to the Panamera was announced, launching again at the
Auto Shanghai show.[8] A plug-in hybrid version, the
Panamera S E-Hybrid, was released in the U.S. market in November 2013.[9]
Concept and description
The Panamera's name is derived, like the Porsche Carrera line, from the Carrera Panamericana race. The
Panamera is generally considered to be the long-awaited fruit of Porsche's 989 concept from the late
1980s.
Like the Porsche Cayenne SUV (which has become the marque's best-selling
vehicle), the Panamera upset many Porsche purists, since it was seen as an
attempt to broaden Porsche's appeal beyond that of hardcore fans. The Panamera
ran contrary to the company's signature offerings, particularly its light
two-door rear-engine sports cars like the 911. The Panamera on the other hand
is considered a full-size luxury car, weighing nearly 4,000 pounds
(1,800 kg), with four doors, and its engine mounted in the front. The
Panamera's appearance with its long hood and rear hatch bears resemblance to a
stretched 911.[10] The iconic 911 has a sparse interior, as it was
focused on raw performance, while the Panamera has a sumptuous interior loaded
with modern technological amenities and expensive leather upholstery.[11][12]
Production
Engines are first assembled in Stuttgart, and the car's body is built and
painted at the Volkswagen Group facility in Hannover. The final assembly of the vehicle takes place in Leipzig, Germany, alongside theCayenne.[13]
Production began in April 2009, one month after its debut in the Shanghai Motor Show in China.[14]
First generation
The V8-powered Panamera S, 4S, and Turbo models were the first versions
that debuted in 2009. In addition to the 4.8L Twin Turbo 500 bhp
(373 kW; 507 PS) V8, Porsche launched two further models in 2010: the
Panamera and Panamera 4 which are both powered by 3.6-litre V6 engines
producing 300 bhp (224 kW; 304 PS).
Being derived from the V8 engine of the Panamera S and Panamera 4S, the V6
retains the V8's technologies like Direct Fuel Injection, infinitely variable
intake camshaft adjustment with variable valve lift (VarioCam Plus), an
on-demand oil pump, water cooling with thermal management, a variable intake
manifold, as well as integrated dry sump lubrication with two-stage extraction
of oil, and an Auto Start-Stop function (only with the PDK transmission).[15] Turbo version uses active aerodynamics with a
multi-stage, adjustable rear spoiler.[16] Optional Sports Chrono Packages include a Sport Plus
button, which has tighter damping and air springs, and lowers the car body by
25 mm (1.0 in).[17]
In 2011, the Panamera S Hybrid,[18] Diesel,[19] Turbo S[20] and GTS variants were added to the range. The GTS
achieves a lateral acceleration of 0.96g.[21]
The Panamera, S, Hybrid and Diesel models are rear-wheel drive, while the
Panamera 4, 4S and GTS have the same four-wheel drive system as the Turbo and
Turbo S, called Porsche Traction Management (PTM).
Panamera introduced Adaptive air suspension, the Porsche Dynamic Chassis Control (PDCC) active anti-roll bars[22] and the Porsche Active Suspension
Management (PASM).
Transmissions
The new ZF seven-speed PDK dual clutch transmission is standard on
the Panamera 4, 4S and Turbo models.[23][24] With the addition of the optional sport chrono
package, this provides faster acceleration times. In some markets a six-speed
manual is available for rear-wheel drive petrol versions. The S Hybrid and
Diesel models have an Aisin-supplied eight-speed automatic transmission called Tiptronic S.
Panamera Turbo S
The Panamera Turbo S is the most powerful mass production Porsche currently
on sale. While the 918 Spyder hybrid supercar is more powerful, it doesn't
qualify as a mass production model since only 918 units are being built. The
Panamera Turbo S engine has bigger turbochargers than the standard Panamera
Turbo’s 4.8-litre V8, as well as high-pressure fuel injection, and
aluminium-alloy pistons. The piston rings are coated in a low-friction surface
to help eke out even more poke. The Panamera Turbo S accelerates to 62 mph
in 3.8 seconds with launch control engaged. Roll-on acceleration should be more
impressive, changes to the PDK (Porsche Doppelkupplung) gearbox allow for even
faster gearshifts, and the alleged 27.7mpg fuel economy is no worse than the less
powerful Panamera Turbo.[25]
·
Drag
Coefficient: 0.30[26]
·
0–60 mph (0–97 km/h): 3.2 seconds[26]
·
0–100 mph (0–161 km/h): 7.2 seconds [26]
·
1/4 mile: 11.5
seconds @ 127 mph (204 km/h) [26]
·
Braking
70. mph (113 km/h) to 0 mph (0 km/h): 135 feet (41 m) [26]
Special Editions
In October 2012, Porsche introduced the Panamera Platinum Edition. The
exterior of the Panamera Platinum Edition is enveloped in one of five basic
colors – black, white, basalt black, carbon gray metallic, and mahogany
metallic. It includes more standard equipment, larger wheels, and an exclusive
interior leather combination of luxor beige and black. It will be offered with
rear and all wheel drive, and has a 0 to 60 mph (0 to 97 km/h) time
of under 5.8 seconds or faster on all variants. Exclusive equipment
includes the special interior combination, platinum rear overhang, and front
lower grille, platinum door sills, and platinum mirrors. The finalizing touch
to this special edition includes an exclusive set of 19-inch Panamera Turbo
alloy wheels with the red, black, and gold Porsche crest. It will be very
limited, with most dealers receiving just one or two examples.
In March 2015, Porsche announced that
they were releasing a new special edition Panamera called the "Panamera
Edition". The car is based on the 310 horsepower base model cars, The car
includes high-gloss black trim strips outline the windows,19-inch Panamera
Turbo wheels with colored center caps, the sills are inscribed with the word
"Edition," and body-colored door handles are additional add on when
the costumer chooses the Porsche Entry & Drive option. The car also
includes performance upgrades include active suspension. The Panamera Edition
will cost $80,000 USD.
суббота, 12 декабря 2015 г.
Toyota Mark II
Seventh generation
(X90; 1992–1996)
First released in October 1992, the Mark II was revised during the period.
It received a new front bumper (including grill), rear bumpers and tail lights
and some weight mainly due to regulations. Under Japaneseexterior
dimension regulations, this series
was no longer regarded as a "compact car". Buyers who wanted a sedan
that remained under the guidelines was now served by the 1990
SV30 series Toyota Camry. Toyota added a
new sedan, called the Toyota
Scepter with the major difference being a front-wheel-drive powertrain. Styling of
this generation showed a corporate similarity to the Toyota
Windom, which was exclusive toToyota
Corolla Store locations.
The X90 series was available in six different trim levels. All trims came
standard with fully automatic air conditioning and faux wood interior paneling.
The base GL was available in either standard or automatic with a choice of a
diesel or petrol 4-cylinder engine. The slightly more up-market Groire had the
same engine and transmission options as the GL with more standard features over
its inferior.
The next four trim levels featured only petrol straight sixes for engines
and either rear- or all-wheel drive. The Grande was available with either a
2.0L 1G-FE or 2.5L 1JZ-GE and either a four-speed automatic or 5-speed manual
for 1G-equipped Mark II Grandes. The Grande was otherwise identical to the
Groire in terms of options and equipment. The Grande G was available with
either the aforementioned 1JZ or a 3.0L 2JZ-GE mated to an automatic
transmission and came with ABS and traction control standard.
The Tourer S came with a 1JZ-GE engine, 4-speed automatic and several
options either standard (such as ABS and control) or not present (a factory limited-slip differential) in either the Grande or Grande G.
Lastly, the Tourer V had a reinforced body, sport suspension, and a
twin-turbo 280 horsepower (210 kW) 2.5-litre 1JZ-GTE inline-six
engine. It also came from the factory with, traction control, ABS, an optional
torsen LSD and optional 5-speed manual transmission. The Mark II Tourer V was a
popular choice among tuners, enthusiasts, and drifters.
The hardtop approach was used on various segments of core Toyota sedans by
offering a more upscale hardtop version. These cars were offered for consumers
who wanted the luxurious approach offered by theToyota Crown hardtop and
sedan, as well as the Mark II (four-door hardtop), Cresta (4-door sedan)
and Chaser (four-door
hardtop and performance enhancements), and the next segment down on the Corona andCarina, called the Toyota
Corona EXiV and the Toyota
Carina ED, with the Toyota
Corolla Ceres and the Toyota
Sprinter Marino at the lowest segment, which were all offered at
reduced prices and tax liability based on the vehicles size. The various
versions were sold at different Toyota dealerships dedicated to particular
models.
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